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IPR002187 is a Nitrogen regulatory protein PII.
<p>In Gram-negative bacteria, the activity and concentration of glutamine synthetase (GS) is regulated in response to nitrogen source availability. PII, a tetrameric protein encoded by the glnB gene, is a component of the adenylation cascade involved in the regulation of GS activity [[cite:PUB00003738]]. In nitrogen-limiting conditions, when the ratio of glutamine to 2-ketoglutarate decreases, P-II is uridylylated on a tyrosine residue to form P-II-UMP. P-II-UMP allows the deadenylation of GS, thus activating the enzyme. Conversely, in nitrogen excess, P-II-UMP is deuridylated and then promotes the adenylation of GS. P-II also indirectly controls the transcription of the GS gene (glnA) by preventing NR-II (ntrB) to phosphorylate NR-I (ntrC) which is the transcriptional activator of glnA. Once P-II is uridylylated, these events are reversed.</p> <p>P-II is a protein of about 110 amino acid residues extremely well conserved. The tyrosine which is uridylated is located in the central part of the protein. In cyanobacteria, P-II seems to be phosphorylated on a serine residue rather than being uridylated. In methanogenic archaebacteria, the nitrogenase iron protein gene (nifH) is followed by two open reading frames highly similar to the eubacterial P-II protein [[cite:PUB00005081]]. These proteins could be involved in the regulation of nitrogen fixation. In the red alga, Porphyra purpurea, there is a glnB homologue encoded in the chloroplast genome.</p> <p>Other proteins highly similar to glnB are:</p> <ul><li>Bacillus subtilis protein nrgB [[cite:PUB00002236]].</li> <li>Escherichia coli hypothetical protein ybaI [[cite:PUB00001837]].</li> <li>GlnK from Archaea and bacteria, an homologue of GlnB protein, which regulates ammonium transport (Amt) proteins [[cite:PUB00059047], [cite:PUB00047830]]</li> </ul>
This description is obtained from EB-eye REST.
GO predictions are based solely on the InterPro-to-GO mappings published by EMBL-EBI, which are in turn based on the mapping of predicted domains to the InterPro dataset. The InterPro-to-GO mapping was last updated on , while the GO metadata was last updated on .
| GO term | Namespace | Name | Definition | Relationships |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biological process | Regulation of nitrogen utilization | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen utilization. | ||
| Molecular function | Enzyme regulator activity | Binds to and modulates the activity of an enzyme. |
| Transcript | Name | Description | Predicted domains | Domain count |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| – | Nitrogen regulatory protein P-II [Medicago truncatula] gi|357511443|ref|XP_003626010.1| | 13 | ||
| – | Nitrogen regulatory protein P-II like; TAIR: AT4G01900.1 nitrogen regulatory P-II-like protein; Swiss-Prot: sp|Q9ZST4|GLNB_ARATH Nitrogen regulatory protein P-II homolog; TrEMBL-Plants: tr|I3T553|I3T553_LOTJA Uncharacterized protein; Found in the gene: LotjaGi1g1v0756600 | 13 |
A list of co-occurring predicted domains within the L. japonicus gene space:
| Predicted domain | Source | Observations | Saturation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| SSF54913 | SUPERFAMILY | 1 | 50.00 |