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Field | Value |
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Namespace | Molecular function |
Short description | Purine-rich negative regulatory element binding |
Full defintion | Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 30-bp purine-rich negative regulatory element; the best characterized such element is found in the first intronic region of the rat cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain gene, and contains two palindromic high-affinity Ets-binding sites (CTTCCCTGGAAG). The presence of this element restricts expression of the gene containing it to cardiac myocytes. |
Subterm of |
The relationship of GO:0032422 with other GO terms.
Relationship type | GO terms |
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Is a | |
Regulates | n.a. |
Part of | n.a. |
Positively regulates | n.a. |
Negatively regulates | n.a. |
A force layout showing the ancestor tree for GO:0032422, and its immediate children. If you wish to explore the tree dynamically, please use the GO Explorer.
This table contains additional metadata associated with the GO entry's definition field.
Field | Value |
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GOC | mah |
PMID | Tissue-restricted expression of the cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain gene is controlled by a downstream repressor element containing a palindrome of two ets-binding sites. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Dec; 18 (12): 7243–58.PMID: 9819411 The expression of the alpha-myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene is restricted primarily to cardiac myocytes. To date, several positive regulatory elements and their binding factors involved in alpha-MHC gene regulation have been identified; however, the mechanism restricting the expression of this gene to cardiac myocytes has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we have identified by using sequential deletion mutants of the rat cardiac alpha-MHC gene a 30-bp purine-rich negative regulatory (PNR) element located in the first intronic region that appeared to be essential for the tissue-specific expression of the alpha-MHC gene. Removal of this element alone elevated (20- to 30-fold) the expression of the alpha-MHC gene in cardiac myocyte cultures and in heart muscle directly injected with plasmid DNA. Surprisingly, this deletion also allowed a significant expression of the alpha-MHC gene in HeLa and other nonmuscle cells, where it is normally inactive. The PNR element required upstream sequences of the alpha-MHC gene for negative gene regulation. By DNase I footprint analysis of the PNR element, a palindrome of two high-affinity Ets-binding sites (CTTCCCTGGAAG) was identified. Furthermore, by analyses of site-specific base-pair mutation, mobility gel shift competition, and UV cross-linking, two different Ets-like proteins from cardiac and HeLa cell nuclear extracts were found to bind to the PNR motif. Moreover, the activity of the PNR-binding factor was found to be increased two- to threefold in adult rat hearts subjected to pressure overload hypertrophy, where the alpha-MHC gene is usually suppressed. These data demonstrate that the PNR element plays a dual role, both downregulating the expression of the alpha-MHC gene in cardiac myocytes and silencing the muscle gene activity in nonmuscle cells. Similar palindromic Ets-binding motifs are found conserved in the alpha-MHC genes from different species and in other cardiac myocyte-restricted genes. These results are the first to reveal a role of the Ets class of proteins in controlling the tissue-specific expression of a cardiac muscle gene. |
GO predictions are based solely on the InterPro-to-GO mappings published by EMBL-EBI, which are in turn based on the mapping of predicted domains to the InterPro dataset. The InterPro-to-GO mapping was last updated on , while the GO metadata was last updated on .
Transcript | Name | Description | GO terms | GO count |
---|---|---|---|---|
– | PREDICTED: transcription factor Pur-alpha 1-like [Vitis vinifera] gi|225435836|ref|XP_002283799.1| | 2 | ||
– | PREDICTED: transcription factor Pur-alpha 1 isoform 1 [Glycine max] gi|356521624|ref|XP_003529454.1| | 2 | ||
– | PREDICTED: transcription factor Pur-alpha 1 isoform 1 [Glycine max] gi|356521624|ref|XP_003529454.1| | 2 | ||
– | Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; TAIR: AT2G32080.1 purin-rich alpha 1; Swiss-Prot: sp|Q9SKZ1|PUR_ARATH Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; TrEMBL-Plants: tr|A0A151UB56|A0A151UB56_CAJCA Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; Found in the gene: LotjaGi4g1v0087000 | 2 | ||
– | Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; TAIR: AT2G32080.2 purin-rich alpha 1; Swiss-Prot: sp|Q9SKZ1|PUR_ARATH Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; TrEMBL-Plants: tr|A0A151UB56|A0A151UB56_CAJCA Transcription factor Pur-alpha 1; Found in the gene: LotjaGi4g1v0087000 | 2 |
A list of co-occurring GO terms within the L. japonicus gene space:
GO term | Namespace | Name | Observations | Saturation (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Molecular function | Purine-rich negative regulatory element binding | 1 | 20.00 |